The identification of pathological liars in the criminal justice Essay

The identification of ghoulish liars in the criminal justice system - Essay ExampleIt is very important for the courts to determine whether a source is express the truth because he may make the courts sentence an innocent man. on that pointfore, detection of liars is of paramount entailment in order to serve justice. It cannot be said with certainty whether morbid lying is really a disorder. There have been opposing views in this regard. This debate has some serious implications on the criminal honor because if morbid lying is not a disorder and is deliberate, it should be punishable by law as far as witnesses are concerned. There is no reliable definition of pathological lying as yet but there is agreement in respect of certain core elements that constitute it. This notion was first described by a German physician, Anton Delbruck, who observed that some of his patients could not help themselves from telling such outrageous lies that he had to put them in a special category. These lies were later described by him as pseu- dologia phantastica. (Dike, 2008) The first step to determine whether a person is a pathological liar is to put on a look at his history. The history of a pathological liar is full of lies that are told without some(prenominal) purpose. Normally, a lie is told in order to obtain a certain benefit or advantage. For pathological liars, telling lies is a disease and they tell them still if they provide no benefit to them. What makes this behaviour even more questionable is the fact that some lies play a role in incriminating their teller. This heart and soul that yet another feature of pathological lying is that lies are told without any regard to what their consequences might be. There are many real-life stories in which people have lost their jobs because of their pathological lying. Probably the biggest problem with a lie is that it needs many other subsequent lies for support. The people who have this problem do not only include the unfortunate many successful people have also succumbed to this problem. Judge Patrick Couwenberg of California, for instance, was upstage from his office because he lied both in his official capacity and while being under(a) oath to speak the truth during the investigation of his behavior. He was later diagnosed with pseudologia phantastica (Dike, 2008). Being a judge is i of the most prestigious of statuses in the society. One who has achieved this status would never do anything to sabotage it in habitual circumstances. Therefore, it was a curious situation that Judge Couwenberg deliberately compromised his position and, all things aside, damaged his reputation. His case makes a strong argument in favor of pathological lying being a mental disorder. pathological liars are also known as compulsive liars or mythomaniacs. While detecting a pathological liar, there is a large(p) danger of making a wrong diagnosis. However, there are a few very common symptoms of a pathological liar. Firstly, a pathological liar uses a stool of detail in his lie. He fears all the time that he might not be believed by others. This is why he uses a lot of extra information to supplement his lie. Secondly, pathological liars usually require to make their lives look better than they actually are. They feel that they are not being given the expert amount of respect by others. Hence, they tell such lies that help them look important and more respectful. Thirdly, pathological liars are in a desperate need of attention. While some of them lie about how great their life is, others lie to make their liv

M2 Disease Frequency Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

M2 Disease frequence Paper - Assignment ExampleFor example, the incidence of dental caries in the U.S. during the second half of the twentieth century was signifi cigarettly less than the incidence of dental caries in the first half of the twentieth century. This can be attributed to the fact that public health authorities began fluoridating community drinking water in the middle of the 20th century (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC, 2001).2. Prevalence It measures the occurrence of existing cases of a disease in a population for a specific period of time (Aschengrau & Seage, 2003). For example, researchers in India consecrate launch that the prevalence of oral cancer (especially squamous cell carcinoma) is extremely high among the poor (Yada, 2008). In fact, the prevalence of tobacco consumption increased up to the age of fifty years after which it leveled or declined (Yada, 2008).3. Cause-specific fatality rate rate It measures the number of deaths from a specifi c cause per 100,000 masses per year (Aschengrau & Seage, 2003). Tobacco use can cause premature death from lung and other cancers, coronary heart disease, stroke and chronic respiratory diseases. In this context, smoking-attributable mortality rate (SAM) can be defined as the number of smoking related deaths per 100,000 people per year. For example, a recent study in Minnesota has revealed that the smoking attributable mortality rate in the state for adults aged 35 years and above is 215.1/100,000 people (CDC, 2011a).4. Years of potential life helpless It refers to the estimated number of years that an individual would have lived if he or she had not died (Aschengrau & Seage, 2003). Cigarette smoking has been found to be responsible for one in every five deaths which is approximately 438,000 deaths each(prenominal) year (CDC, 2008). Therefore, bottom smoking results in 5.5 million years of potential life list in the United States each year (CDC, 2008).5. Case fatality rate It is the number of deaths due to a specific disease as compared to the total number of

Media Law Matrix Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Media Law Matrix - Assignment ExampleNew technologies push the boundaries of ethical discussions on ownership of creative work depression Amendment The medias right to free expression is protected, with the amendment prohibiting the enactment of police forces that cut or curtail press immunity and free speech What ar the bounds of press freedom? Can esoteric individuals slighted wrongly by the press and by individuals seek redress under the natural law? This relates to libel as a legal recourse. Prior restraint prohibition An extension of the First Amendment, prohibiting judicature from prohibiting speech prior to the utterance of the speech. The effect is the broadening of the power of mass media, and the press in special Ethical issues are again tied to limits of free speech as they pertain to the rights of private individuals Abridgements to First Amendment Rights Non-interference of organisation on free speech rights is not absolute, but may be justified by semipublic s afety considerations. The effect on media is the setting of bounds on free expression, in cases where the public safety or the national safety are compromised There is the ethical issue of where the bounds of government power and the public and media lie. There is a tug of war in legal discourse/precedents relating to this slander law The freedom of the press is not absolute, but is predicated on such freedom not tread the rights of others. This is a curtailment and a bound on press freedom, because those slighted by media has recourse to libel law Libel law interpretations in courts determine the bounds of press freedom and free speech. Ethical issues are tied to making sure that judgments are just and fair to media and to private individuals Table inputs source Vivian, 2011, pp. 424-445 B. twain Issues A. Local Media Issue The issue at hand in an article discussing the extension of the treatment of media organizations to private individuals posting online, in blogs and in sociab le media, and the standards that ought to govern both forms of media, the traditional and the sudden, when it comes to considering the evidence and the arguments relating to possible calumniation and libel charges. The issue at hand is tied to the emergence of social media and blogs in particular, and how those emergent media forms claim empowered ordinary individuals to speak freely and to publish their thoughts with the same reach and power, and print permanence, as the newspapers and connect media forms of old. There are established precedents for governing free speech issues for traditional media, but the precedent for emergent media is not always well laid out. On the other hand, recent court decisions seem to cod a different set of standards for blog-published and social media-published content on the one hand and traditional media on the other. The legal implications of the double standard are evident in the way there seems to be an mismatched application of First Amend ment rights as they apply to ordinary people in social media and to media practitioners, creating potential prospective problems in the interpretation of First Amendment and related laws. The ethical implications are profound, because the double standard may imagine that the rights of private individuals, for instance, against defamation may be compromised by such unequal treatment of bloggers and ordinary social media users on the one hand a

Interpretation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Interpretation - Essay ExampleI, in this paper, explore the extent of familys impact on peoples individual thought. Individuals are the elementary units that form a golf-club and the peoples unique behaviors and practices define floricultures and traditions that play direct fictitious characters on people and the way they think. This is because culture defines norms and thoughts that are in some cases sacred. The story, A very old(a) small-arm with enormous wings, identifies the active role of the society on peoples thoughts as the seed demonstrates actions and opinions that are illustrated at individual level, merely with great influence from the society. Such a position of the societys influence is attributable to the authors style of portraying thoughts and behaviors as norms that. Pelayo, one of the main characters, demonstrates this through his response to his childs temperature during a night. Though he is not an expert in health matters, he and his wife holds an abstr act entity opinion that crabs are the cause of the childs temperature, an abstraction that can only breathe out from more often than not held constructs, either implicitly or explicitly. The position that Pelayo and his wife hold after a scrutiny of an old stranger in their compound also identifies effects of the society on an individuals thoughts. ... The high level of faith in the wo military man from members of the society is also show by opposite peoples reliance on her opinion to regard the old man as an angel. If the society had not dictated faith in her then some people could have come up with different views about the mans possible origin (Marqueze, 1-2). Significance of the society is also demonstrated through Father Gonzagas approach to understanding the man. The Fathers society, defined by spectral beliefs, dictates his understanding of the possible individuality of the old man and he casts doubts on the mans identity of an angel. The social construct of his religion further bars him from making a pronouncement on the man and extensive communication and bureaucracy have to be followed in determining who, or what the old man is. Such identification is further based on social practices among some communities such as the Aramaic. other aspect that communicates the societys effect on individuals thoughts is the peoples generally held opinions that angels have extraordinary powers and can perform miracles. People from different places exhibit this general perception, come to the old man for cleansing and healing and their faith manifest through changes in their various conditions. Similarly, the societys influence on individuals thoughts is evident from the fact that a perception that is generally held by many people can change, abruptly, because of developed knowledge from social issues. People do not withdraw persuasion on social mattes and quickly understands them without any consultation. When a girl who disobeyed her parent and as a punishmen t turned to a different creature comes to the society, no one seeks the counsel of either

The soccer team Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

The soccer team - Essay Examplethe chosen group is indeed a discourse community when the characteristics atomic number 18 presented and qualified through the lens being used which is the aforementioned cardinal characteristics. One can never know all the necessary data just by spy the group because there baron still be other information that are not observable. Therefore, in addition to observing, this writer also used interview to gather the necessary information used in the analysis. The interview was done with a member of the group, Sharon Simons.Swales says that, A discourse community has a broadly concur set of common public goals (471). The interviewee says that as a team, their goal is to win the Atlantic 10 Season, the Atlantic 10 championship and the National Collegiate Athletic Association Womens Soccer Championship. Obviously, the group does not just exist to perform or play but they have a goal that they are trying to reach. Secondly, A discourse community has mecha nism of intercommunication among its members (471). Asked about this, the interviewee says that thee team does not communicate in the field only but the members also talk off field to bridge the gap in their communications. She also claims that they do their intend during practices which often happen two to three times a week. Moreover, they do immediate planning during games and half-time breaks or whenever there are substitutes in the game. They do the talking and planning throughout the game because as it is observed in soccer games, there may be changes that might affect what could have been planned before the game or accidents that may cause change in plans.The third characteristic mentioned by Swales is, A discourse community uses its participatory mechanisms primarily to provide information and feedback (472). True enough, the soccer team reflects this. As mentioned earlier, the team meets for practice, two to three times a week which is a fairly good number of times for go od communication to

Business ethic for leaders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

business line moral principle for leaders - Essay ExampleCustomers have a high tendency of trusting companies and businesses that are value-based. Business morality help create harmony between businesses and the outside world. Based on the above underpinning test it is justified to say that business good motive play a significant role in the triumph of companies and businesses. Models of caution business moral philosophy Moral management This model assumes the role of leadership whenever honest conflicts go in an organization. Its purpose is implement ethical fashion for the overall success of a business or organization. It adheres to the high standards of ethical behavior. Immoral management This model does not have any ethical principles in fact, it opposes any form of ethical behavior portrayed by businesses or companies. It grabs any available hazard that may benefit a corporate. Amoral management This model is grouped into unintentional and intentional management. Un intentional management pays little or no ethical considerations in businesses or companies, while intentional management does not pay any attention to ethical behavior. Amoral management gives managers the mandate to control their businesses or companies. This model gives a provision for the implementation of ethics if manager approve such ethics. Factors that organization should consider when creating their business ethics Communication There should be open communication with both the employees and members of management. This help promotes confidence, trust, and comfort amongst all elusive parties in an organization or business. Open communication is essential for discussion of any issues that are cerebrate to the code of ethics (Businessburrito 1). A team to oversee the process of creating and adherence business ethics A companion or business should appoint a team designed strictly to monitor ethical actions of all its employees. The team should have specific cognitive operati ons to determine incidences of unethical behaviors amongst workers. It should also a separate procedure that outline the type of discipline that unethical workers should face. Vision Companies and businesses should have clearly explained visions before embarking on creating codes of ethics for their organizations. A companys vision should have a full detail of all aspects of ethical rules. It plays a key role in determining the overall success and implementation of business ethics in any company. Levels of business ethics Individual direct- this level looks at the behavior of all individuals in an organization or business. A persons behavior may be determined by his or her personality, environment or peer. Business ethics at this level are of immense magnificence since they help harmonize all individuals in an organization (Businessburrito 1). Failure to implement business ethics at this level may have dramatic negative effect on the success of a company or business. Corporate lev el-this level helps companies and businesses to be extremely careful when conducting and implementing their business strategies. These companies and business ought to ensure that their behavior is in line with the individual corporate entities in both public and private sectors. Macro level- this level outlines the role of businesses in their association with the entire society. A companys strategies should aim at delivering unparalleled benefits to a society in an ethical manner. Its activities should be in

Analysing the Impact of Capital Structure on the Performance of UK Dissertation

Analysing the Impact of Capital Structure on the Performance of UK Financial Institutions - Dissertation ExampleThe Miller-Modigliani Theory 15 2.4.3. Pecking Order Theory 16 2.4.4. The force Cost Theory 18 2.5. Potential Determinants of Capital Structure 19 2.6. Statement of the Problem 26 Chapter 3 entropy and Methods 28 3.1. Research Methodology 28 3.2. Research Purpose and Research snuggle 29 3.3. Qualitative Research 29 3.4. Quantitative Research 30 3.5. Primary Research 30 3.6. Secondary Research 31 Chapter 4 Analysis and Results 34 4.1. Overview 34 4.2. cream of Dependent Variables and separatist Variables 35 4.3. Data Analysis Techniques 36 4.4. Fieldwork and Data Collection 37 4.5. Hypotheses Formulation and Variable Selection 38 4.6. Data Sources and Data Presentation 44 Chapter 5 Discussion and Interpretation of Findings 50 5.1. Data Analysis and Discussion 50 5.2. retroflexion Results 51 mesa 5.2.1 - The Regression Analysis of RBS 53 Table 5.2.2 - The Regression Ana lysis of standardized Chartered Plc 54 Table 5.2.3 - The Regression Analysis of Lloyds Group Plc 55 Table 5.2.4 - The Regression Analysis of Barclays Plc 56 5.3. Robustness of Statistical Data 58 5.4. Interpretation of Findings 60 Chapter 6 Discussion and Conclusion 63 6.1. Summary 63 6.2. Theoretical Implications 65 6.3. Practical Implications 65 6.4. Limitations 67 6.5. Directions for Future Research 67 6.6. Reflections 68 References 71 Bibliography 77 Appendices 80 Table 1 Regression Model of Royal Bank of Scotland 80 Table 2 Regression Model of Standard Chartered Plc 84 Table 3 Regression Model of Barclays Plc 89 Table 4 Regression Model of HSBC 93 Table 5 Regression Model of Lloyds 97 Chapter 1 Introduction The functions of monetary management of a firm deal with the management of the sources from which funds are received and the effective function of such funds. Debt holders and equity holders are the suppliers of finance, and they supply finance for raising capital fo r assets of the company. So they have the the right federal agency to participate in cash flows generated from the locatement of the raised capital. The ratio of share of profits generated is determined by the debt equity ratio. As debt holders are the first to be paid, they become important to the firm if the firm wants to maximize the returns of the equity holders. As cost is also an important component of financing, so on a way to examine the net benefit from an investment, the cost incurred on such investment is also to be accounted. The physical object of the study is to analyse the impact of capital structure on the performance of financial institution of linked Kingdom. In order to achieve the objective, the study covers literature review and theoretical framework of the topic. Research approach pattern has been done with the intention of selecting appropriate methodology and data collection analysis. Moreover, the data will also service to get the findings of the rese arch. After interpreting the research findings, the study finally ends with conclusion, practical implication of the research and directions for emerging research. 1.1. Background of the Study The jumble of financial liabilities of a firm is referred to as its leverage (i.e. a mix of financial instruments that tends to increase the potential of return of investment undertaking the risk associated with it). Although financial capital is uncertain, it is quiet down considered to be the critical resource by all firms, and suppliers of finance make this investment so as to have control over the firm. In a firm debt holders and equity holders are the two types of investors who invest in equity and debt